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درزگیری آسفالت
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یکی از روش های نگهداری و پیشگیری از خرابی آسفالت است که پیمانکاران و شهرداری ها واداره های راه بدینوسیله عمرآسفالت را افزایش داده و به مقدار بی نهایت در هزینه ها صرفه جویی میکنند.
ترکهای خیابان ها به سبب انبساط یا انقباض ناشی از تغییر و نوسان آب و هوا رخ می دهد.این ترکها باعث نفوذ آب به بیس آسفالت شده و یکپارچگی و یکدستی آن را از بین می برد ،اگر این فرآیند متوقف نشود، آسفالت دچار دگردیسی شده ودست انداز و پستی و بلندی در آن به وجود می آید.
درزگیری پروسه ای برای جلوگیری از نفوذ آب به لایه زیرین است وهمچنین در آسفالت هایی که به دلیل زیر سازی نامناسب، تحمل فشار ناشی از ترافیک سنگین را ندارند، پس از اجرای عملیات درزگیری میتواند همانند ضربگیر برای آسفالت جدید عمل کرده و مانع از ایجاد ترک بر روی سطح آسفالت جدید گردد.
[/fusion_text][/fusion_builder_column][fusion_builder_column type=”1_3″ layout=”1_3″ spacing=”” center_content=”no” link=”” target=”_self” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=”” background_image_id=”” background_color=”” background_image=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat=”no-repeat” hover_type=”none” border_size=”0″ border_color=”” border_style=”solid” border_position=”all” padding_top=”” padding_right=”” padding_bottom=”” padding_left=”” margin_top=”10px” margin_bottom=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” last=”no”][fusion_imageframe image_id=”1703|full” max_width=”” style_type=”dropshadow” blur=”5″ stylecolor=”” hover_type=”none” bordersize=”” bordercolor=”” borderradius=”” align=”none” lightbox=”no” gallery_id=”” lightbox_image=”” lightbox_image_id=”” alt=”” link=”” linktarget=”_self” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=”” animation_type=”fade” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.8″ animation_offset=””]https://rahdarsanat.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/100759.jpg[/fusion_imageframe][/fusion_builder_column][/fusion_builder_row][/fusion_builder_container][fusion_builder_container hundred_percent=”no” hundred_percent_height=”no” hundred_percent_height_scroll=”no” hundred_percent_height_center_content=”yes” equal_height_columns=”no” menu_anchor=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” status=”published” publish_date=”” class=”” id=”” background_color=”” background_image=”” background_position=”center center” background_repeat=”no-repeat” fade=”no” background_parallax=”none” enable_mobile=”no” parallax_speed=”0.3″ video_mp4=”” video_webm=”” video_ogv=”” video_url=”” video_aspect_ratio=”16:9″ video_loop=”yes” video_mute=”yes” video_preview_image=”” border_size=”” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” margin_top=”10px” margin_bottom=”” padding_top=”” padding_right=”” padding_bottom=”” padding_left=””][fusion_builder_row][fusion_builder_column type=”2_3″ layout=”2_3″ spacing=”” center_content=”no” link=”” target=”_self” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=”” background_color=”” background_image=”” background_image_id=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat=”no-repeat” hover_type=”none” border_size=”0″ border_color=”” border_style=”solid” border_position=”all” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” last=”no”][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”default” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=””]
با توجه به تحقیقات انجام شده پیشگیری به موقع می تواند عمر مفید آسفالت را تا بیش از 10 سال افزایش دهد. به عنوان یک مزیت دیگر می توان به اقتصادی تر بودن درزگیری آسفالت نسبت به نوسازی اشاره کرد با توجه به مقایسه آنالیز هزینه اجرای آسفالت برای یک کیلومتر جاده به عرض 10 متر و آنالیز هزینه درزگیری همین مقدار سطح آسفالت که پیوست میباشد می توان گفت هزینه درزگیری حدود 0/043 هزینه نوسازی می باشد.بنابراین بسیار مقرون بهصرفه است.
به خاطر داشته باشید که درزگیری یک روش ترمیم است نه نوسازی پس بنابراین هنگامی که یک قسمت دچار ترک سوسماری می شود،آن منطقه باید برداشته و مجددا پچ شود.
شرکت فنی و مهندسی راهدار صنعت در سال 1380 موفق به وارد کردن دستگاه درزگیری و تکنولوژی آن برای اولین بار در ایران شد که توانست خود را از آن پس از پیشگامان این صنعت معرفی کند.
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انواع ترک آسفالت
ترک ها در انواع و اشکال مختلفی بروز میکنند؛که در ذیل به معرفی هر یک از آن ها میپردازیم
1- ترک های انعکاسی/متقاطع:
این نوع ترک ها یا از یک طرف آسفالت به طرف دیگر امتداد داردو یا از قسمت میانی به اطراف گسترش یافته است. دلیل بروز این نوع ترک عدم ثبات کافی برای تحملفشارهایی است که بر اثر تغییردر آب و هوا در آسفالت به وجود می آید
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2-ترک های طولی:
این نوع ترک ها در طول آسفالت اتفاق می افتد که معمولا با قسمت مرکزی آن موازی است. دلیل بروز ترک های طولی عدم ثبات کافی برای تحمل فشارهای ناشی از تغییر دمای هواست.
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3-ترک های بلوکی:
بزرگی ترک های بلوکی متراکم به 1/5 متر می رسد؛ که غالبا به شکل چهار ضلعی بروز می کنند و دلیل آن هم سنگینی ترافیک در بیس آسفالت میباشد.
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4-ترک های سوسماری:
اشکالی شبیه نقشه یا سوسمار دارند که با درزگیری ترمیم نمیشوند و حتما باید برداشته و مجددا پچ شوند.
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مراحل درزگیری آسفالت
1- تراش:
روترها مجهز به یک درام با تیغ های مجزا هستند که روی ترک ها حرکت میکنند و قابلیت مانور دارند و ترک ها را با عرض و ارتفاع مشخص تراش میدهند .
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2- پاکسازی :
black blower وسیله مناسبی برا ی پاک کردن درزهای آسفالت پس از تراشیده شدن میباشد. فشار هوای زیاد تمام گرد و غبار را می زداید. وجود آلاینده ها در درون ترک ممکن است باعث شود که چسبندگی مواد به جداره ها به اندازه لازم نباشد. گرد و غبار و آثار باقی مانده از تراش و اره باید از سطح ترک تمیز شده باشد و سطحی کاملا تمیز به وجود آید
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3- مرحله حرارت دهی:
در این مرحله هوای فوق العاده گرم را با هوای فشرده ترکیب کرده و برای پاکسازی و تمیز کردن
جدراه درزها و برطرف کردن رطوبت و نیز گرم کردن جداره درز برای قبول بهتر مواد و چسبندگی
بهتر مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.
عواملی که باعث چسبندگی منفک کی شوند بدین قرارند: هوای سرد ، آلودگی ، رطوبت
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4- مرحله تزریق:
در این مرحله که آخرین مرحله درزگیری نیز می باشد، ابتدا پس از آنکه مواد پلیمری(ماستیک) با دستگاهمخصوص گرم شده باشد به وسیله شلنگ تزریق، ماستیک را روی درزها گرفته و سپس حرکت میدهند.
توجه: اگر مواد پلیمری(ماستیک) به وسیله دستگاه مخصوص گرم نشده باشد و به وسیله دستی این کار صورت گرفته باشد باعث از دست دادن خاصیت ماستیک شده و پس از مدت کوتاهی باعث ترک خوردن و خراب شدن درزگیری میشود.
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گوشه های از پروژه های انجام شده توسط شرکت فنی و مهندسی راهدار صنعت
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